ABSTRACT : Rice blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cav. frequently occurs as limiting factor for rice production in many parts of the world where rice is grown. The disease has been known to cause significant yield looses in rice including local varieties. Padi Merah Medang Putih, is one of Bali rice local varieties that popular among consumers, however this variety is highly susceptible to the blast disease. This study was done to find and identify plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that capable of inducing resistance against blast disease on Padi Merah Medang Putih. Ninety five isolates of rhizobacteria were isolated from diverse plant rhizospheres grown in Bali and tested for their ability to promote the rice growth and induce resistance against blast disease. Nine isolates have been proven serve as PGPR and among them four isolates namely KDDA, O38, OR3 and Al7Kla are capable of inducing resistance against blast disease on Padi Merah Medang Putih. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, these PGPR are respectively identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus KDDA, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens O38, Pseudomonas aeruginosa OR3 and Achromobacter xylosoxidans Al7Kla. All of these PGPR can be further utilized to induced resistance against blast disease on Bali local rice variety, Padi Merah Medang Putih under green house as well as field condition.

ABSTRACT: Wireless sensor network is gaining popularity and its applications are being deployed in many sectors such as industrial, construction, healthcare etc. Zigbee standard provides the low cost, low rate data transmission wirelessly. The applications developed using Zigbee technology can transfer data to other devices within the network wirelessly. Zigbee based applications are being implemented in the healthcare sector and examples of such applications are wireless patient monitoring and wireless fitness monitoring. These applications use medical sensors to capture the vital indicators such as heart rate, blood sugar level, temperature etc. These data are securely transmitted to other devices; so that medical professionals can monitor the patient’s health remotely and take further course of action. The main objective of this paper is to examine in detail the main characteristics, features and architecture of Zigbee standards; then the impact of interference on Zigbee applications were evaluated and finally concluded with analysing the impact of Zigbee WSN applications in the medical field.

ABSTRACT: Saudi Arabia (SA) is facing a severe scarcity of its water sources. The gap between sustainable irrigation water sources (SIWS) and irrigation water requirements (IWR) in SA is in a continuous increase. Groundwater is considered the primary source of irrigation water in SA and a huge part of which (non-renewable groundwater) is used to bridge this gap leading to a continuous depletion of this vital source. In the current study, present and future IWRs have been estimated and predicted. IWRs for principal crops in SA has been calculated based on available climate data for the period from 1985 to 2011 in Najran Region (NR), in the southwestern part, as a case study. IWR for the main perennial crops (dates, citrus, and alfalfa) has been calculated as an average for the 13th regions contributing to agriculture in SA. These regions include Riyadh, Makkah, Madinah, Qaseem, Eastern, Aseer, Tabuk, Hail, Northen, Jazan, Najran, Baha, and Jouf. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) has been calculated using FAO56 Penman-Monteith equation. Five reform scenarios for the future use of agricultural areas have been proposed hoping to reach sustainable irrigation water requirement (SIWR). The results proved the opportunity of SA to reach SIWR in the coming twenty years by: phasing out the cultivation of forage crops by the year 2036, and keeping current rate of growth (or decline) trend in the agricultural land areas of both fruits and vegetables. Supporting farmers to shift 1% annually of the current planted area of each crop from the traditional to the modern irrigation system is also a must.

ABSTRACT :The recent upgrade to IPV6 internet protocol which expanded the number of available IP addresses indicates that the Internet is moving into a big expansion in terms of the number of things and objects intended to be connected over the network, enabling it to become an Internet of Things (IoT). This connection shall enable the objects and things to share information among them and thus open the door for new web, mobile and wireless applications. In other words all computers, smart phones, mobile and any other device can be connected to the Internet. This paper shall follow an exploratory approach to outline the use of Internet of Things (IoT) in terms of its applications and the structure and components of its ecosystem.

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to reveal the impact of strategic thinking competencies on the achievement of strategic flexibility, as well as determine the level of availability of strategic thinking and strategic flexibility. The study was conducted at Islamic banks in Jordan, which represents the study population, and to achieve the goals of the study was to develop a questionnaire was developed to gather primary data from a sample of the study, which consisted of (168) responses. Competencies of strategic thinking were measured through dimensional (systemic thinking, innovative thinking, and thinking-oriented vision) that relied on the Moon study, 2003. The strategic flexibility variable has been measured based on Matheson & Matheson study, 2011. After data collection is the study hypothesis major test which there is no significant effect a statistically significant level ( 0.05) dimensions of strategic thinking (systemic thinking, innovative thinking, and thinking-oriented vision) in strategic flexibility. I have been using regression analysis to test the hypotheses of the study, which resulted in the most important finding showing there is a significant effect of the dimensions of strategic thinking to achieve strategic flexibility in the organizations studied.

ABSTRACT: Entrepreneurship is of vital importance in villages and is regarded as a step towards rural develop-ment. The socio-economic factors affecting spatial planning of entrepreneurship were analyzed in the villages of Masal city by a descriptive survey in 2015. The statistical society was composed of three groups of people involved in rural entrepreneurship planning in Masal (N = 1513) out of which 483 people were sampled by Cochran’s general formula. The main tool of the study was a questionnaire used for data collection. It was designed on the basis of different theories of entrepreneurship as well as the organizational insights of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by university teachers and experts. Cronbach’s alpha was calcu-lated as to be 0.8 showing acceptable reliability of the questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS (ver. 21) Sta-tistical Package at both descriptive and inferential levels. The economic and social factors were divided into three groups on the basis of the results of explorative factor analysis.

ABSTRACT: Born in Europe sociology immediately received a response in the minds of Russian philosophers, theologians, philosophical position which was significantly different from Western scholars. One of the main differences was the issue that means social reality. In the definition of the term E. Durkheim and M. Weber were based on the analysis and understanding of the religions and their place in society. Separate religion from culture, they got two dimensional space dimension of society. The chief justices of social change are the people themselves, which adjust their actions according to their own views and opinions. According to Russian philosophers, theologians (Solovev, Florenskiy, Berdyaev, Fedorov, Bulgakov), religion cannot be separated from the culture, the culture is only sheets on the tree of the religion. Social reality in their understanding becomes three-dimensional space, where the practice, human morality is always related to the divine commandments, laws. But the Russian sociology has been destroyed and forgotten, and world sociology began to develop along the path indicated by European sociologists. Intensification of religious extremism brings us back to the starting point. Perhaps confessional sociology will deepen their understanding of the problems within the religious community, which is not confined to any state, and should not necessarily be formally adopted standards. The purpose of this paper is an attempt to describe the perception of social reality, using the principles of Russian philosophers, theologians, and uncover opportunities measurement mechanisms that society.

ABSTRACT: The main directions of compression refrigerating devices modern parametric row development and the most significant recent achievements which allow to improve energy efficiency and productivity of refrigeration machines, and those on which they will develop in the future, namely: improving of compression refrigerating device using environmentally friendly refrigerant; increasing of the volume and reducing the temperature in the freezer; searching of new insulation materials that promote the term of low temperature keeping in the refrigerating chamber in case of temporary loss of power supply; reduction of compression refrigerating device outer surface with unchanging useful volume of the chamber; creating conditions of uniform temperature distribution inside the useful volume of refrigerating chamber are summarized in the paper.

ABSTRACT: Complications such as hypotension and bradycardia may occur during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Ondansetron on preventing hypotension following spinal anesthesia in pregnant women candidate for elective cesarean delivery. This double blind clinical trial was done on 151 pregnant women with ASA I-II who were randomly divided into two groups. The group O received 4 mg diluted Ondansetron and the group N received placebo before implication of spinal anesthesia with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Hemodynamic variables, O2 saturation, nausea, the vomiting episodes, and antiemetic dosage were recorded after spinal anesthesia. Data was analyzed using SPSSv16 and a P< 0.05 was assumed significant. Demographic variables were similar in two groups but mean weight was higher in group O. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was similar in two groups except that group N patients had higher SBP in the 2nd minute after spinal anesthesia. Mean diastolic BP (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were lower in group N in 6, 8, 30 and 35 minutes. There was no significant difference in Mean heart rate and O2 saturation, nausea, vomiting and chills between two groups. The 1st minute Apgar score was lower in group O. The attenuating effect of spinal anesthesia on DPB and MAP is significantly decreased by Ondansetron prophylaxy during cesarean section but has no significant effect on SBP, heart rate, chills and nausea, but it can mildly decrease the incidence of vomiting after cesarean section.

ABSTRACT: In the current times, universities are amenable to produce, handle and disseminate the knowledge in various organizations, communities, and communities. Therefore, universities should promote the knowledge sharing process between the different academic members. Knowledge sharing is a key love of knowledge management. It is associate degree obligatory issue for various organizations. Generally, the literature shows that there is lack of knowledge sharing in universities as well as lack of knowledge sharing among academics in universities at the most in developing countries. Saudi Arabia is still in the early stages of the knowledge management compared to other countries, such as USA and UK. The purpose of this study is to identify the actual level of knowledge sharing practice among Saudi academic members. The overall findings revealed that knowledge sharing is fundamental to the achievement of knowledge management practices in all organizations, including universities. Successful knowledge sharing among academics is extremely necessary for universities. This studyconcludes that the academics feel very strongly about the importance of knowledge sharing practices among Saudi academics. The findings revealed that the academics by and large had an inspirational attitude towards knowledge sharing and were mindful of its significance in universities.

ABSTRACT: Aggressive research as gigabit network has led to dramatic improvements in network transmission speeds. One result of these improvements has been to put pressure on router technology to keep peace. This paper describes a router nearly completed. This is more than fast enough to keep up with the latest transmission technology. This router has a back place speed of 50 gigabit and can forward tens of millions packet. Scheduling algorithm can be implemented on CVAR applications but in this research scheduling is implemented on CBR applications and the performance on WLAN network is enclosed by delivering different traffic load. QOS parameters will be considered as the performance metrics on this study. The comparative study of various algorithms can show the best scheduling algorithm in WLAN with CBR applications. ATM was the focus of action research and significant investment in the early to mid 1990’s. This paper discuss several visions for ATM prevalent at the time and analyses how ATM evolved during this period this paper also consider the amplifications of this history for current connection oriented technologies such as optical transport network and MPLS.

ABSTRACT: ATM is the new generation of computer and communication networks that are being deployed throughout the telecommunication industry as well as in campus black bones. OPNET is a CAD tools which is specialized in communication protocols and networks. We examine its performance and its effect on the traffic pattern in an ATM network. In this paper we also report the studies of simulation efficiency and network performance of simulated network using firewall.

ABSTRACT:Thinking about themanners, names, and rituals of the Iranian and other societies reveal that Shahnameh and similar works have had significant effects on the concerned nations. Indeed, rituals in every culture, reflect people’s beliefs. The value and importance of Ferdowsi’sShahnameh and its epic feature, has been influential among people from different tribes in Iran. It has turned into an inseparable part of people’s culture. An attempt is made in this paper to make an anthropological approach to those rituals rooted in Shahnameh. It has not only been influential among the Fars tribe, but also among such tribes like theLor tribe, that has occupied a great part of Iran ranging from South Azerbaijan to the Southern parts of the Persian Gulf. Most of the rituals are connected with the events mentioned in Shahnameh.The dramatic and structural characteristics have contributed to the introduction and advancement of art and rituals. The impact of Shahnameh on the people has been to the extent that it seems that its heroes belong to the people of the tribes in Iran.An attempt is made in this article to trace the impact of Shahnameh on the culture and rituals of the tribes in Iran,Lor tribe in particular.

ABSTRACT: The work represents the results of formulation and actualization of a system for control of urbanized areas biotechnosphere functioning of which is based on data intellectual analysis along with use of situational modeling. There was developed a functional and a generalized structural model of the system as well as of its basic component, i.e. an ecologic situation center which ensures intellectual monitoring and intellectual support of decisions related to reduction/elimination of ecotechnogenic risks, direct transformation of ecological data into effective control actions. There was developed a method of integrated evaluation of an actual and a forecasted environmental situation based on synthesis of fuzzy logic and GIS technologies. There were generated situational models for evaluation and prediction of the state of biotechnosphere at the yard territories depending on the environmental conditions and planning structure.

ABSTRACT: In summary, the outcomes of the present research can be extracted and reported as the following: Firstly, most of the existing poems that are associated to hakym Omar-e- Khayyam are his real versification and not those of another poet by the same name. Secondly, whith regard to the issue of determinism and free will, in comparison to Moetazeleh’s view i.e. man’s freedom, Khayyam tended more towards determinism and Ashaereh’s. Thirdly, life is a moment between two nothingnesses. Thus we should make the most of the time and not lose this moment full of blessings and favours. Finally, Khayyam invited people to take their problems easy and accept the life as it is. This opinion might be associated to both the traditional moral and religious lessons and modern psychological as well as anthropological findings which assert that in order to have a calm and peaceful life, one should forget the hardships of life and adhere to these lines of poetry from Khayyam: “Many people like you come and go Seize your share ere begin taken from you”

ABSTRACT : This article deals with an inductive way of English language teaching. This acquisition process can help bilingual students to learn, find rules and apply them to new contexts. The objective of the paper is to propose a model of teaching that promotes student-centered approach where a teacher guides learners in discovery and provides more opportunities to practice, particularly in grammar. The model of teaching and student-centered activities has been explored through the action research. Based on the experiment, it can be emphasized that a progressive way of teaching grammar moves the focus away from the teacher as the information provider and enables students to focus on use. Finally, the inductive approach as more effective for achieving learning goals and outcomes, are presented in the article from the perspectives of the bilingual EFL learners.

ABSTRACT: Public holidays are the important source of spirituality, leading to renaissance of traditions, a language, develop the young’s intellectual values of the nation, the national culture, including communicative culture. Public holidays of the Republic of Kazakhstan are a peculiar form of a collective unity, where the common mood and empathy of specialists of culture institutions, and their active participants are expressed. Public holidays in the Republic of Kazakhstan are caused by the development of dynamics of social life, in the separate periods of people’s life realized and experienced by people’s specific intellectual and emotional way; dictate new forms of behavior and activity, creating conditions for upbringing the youth’s communicative culture. Here the special social-pedagogical significance gains the content of holiday programs, holiday forms of activity. Conducted analysis demonstrates that developing the young’s public holidays’ ideas should be considered as the interest and the need of the history of the national culture.

ABSTRACT: The article is aimed at data transmission efficiency increase in a mobile ad hoc network, functioning to ensure the exchange of information in emergency situations. The algorithm for neuro-fuzzy control of data sending intensity in this network is proposed. The algorithm provides the measurement of latency period confirmation and the calculation of a moving average of this value, as well as a periodic recalculation of an inter-packet gap by performing neuro-fuzzy inference procedure. By using the algorithm an adaptive change of data sending intensity is provided in the framework of the established logical connection. Simulation experiments showed that the use of the proposed algorithm reduces the number of retransmissions and the average transmission time of data streams in a test network.

ABSTRACT: An integrated indicator is proposed in order to assess the effectiveness of information exchange management within a corporate portal network. The classification of corporate portal network state is presented. A fuzzy system is used in order to determine an integral index, which is based on the algorithm of zero order Sugeno fuzzy inference. The input variables of a fuzzy system are the correct service probability and an average response time, an output value is presented by the integral index value. Fuzzy rules are proposed which establish the relationship between the values of input variables and the result of fuzzy inference. The degree of compliance between input variables and fuzzy sets is defined by piecewise continuous membership functions. The operation of a system is presented by a consistent implementation of fuzzy inference main stages: fuzzification, aggregation and defuzzification. An algorithm is developed for the setting of fuzzy system parameters, based on the use of an expert survey and the least square method. The study results may be used to assess the effectiveness of information exchange management in a corporate portal network.

ABSTRACT: The article studies the native/foreign opposition in three linguocultures. Particular attention is paid to the lexemes representing the above-mentioned opposition and existing in the lan¬guage space of the texts under investigation. The analysis is carried out using the works by L. Tolstoy (War and Peace), M. Mitchell (Gone with the Wind) and G. Iskhaki (Zuleikha). The authors distinguish several theme groups (family, nation, society and religion) where the native/foreign opposition is revealed.

ABSTRACT: In the article using of elective disciplines in pedagogical specialties students professional competence formation process is investigated. Using of elective disciplines allows to add possibilities of pedagogical specialties students professional training. The essence, specifics, opportunities and features of elective disciplines in in pedagogical specialties students professional competence formation process is defined. Key characteristics of pedagogical specialties students professional competence are proved. The technology of elective disciplines formation is under construction on the basis of the analysis of requirements to the pedagogical specialties students. Pedagogical conditions of efficiency of elective disciplines using in in pedagogical specialties students professional training are: compensatory approach, orientation of elective disciplines on the solution of a specific objective; motivation of pedagogical specialties students on mastering a course of elective disciplines. The model of elective disciplines using in pedagogical specialties students professional competence formation process is developed.

Abstract: In the present age, tourism is one of the greatest and most various activities and one of the main sources of national economy in developed countries and a few developing countries. Constant tourism development is of great importance for tourism planning because such development has a great effect on fortifying economic foundations of societies. Great emphasis has been attached to the role of tourism as a fresh source for job creation, earning money, collecting more taxes, attracting exchange and fortifying social substructures, which cause growth and development of other industries in various transactions. Moreover, tourism development is associated with activities and attractions in a natural environment, cultural heritage and cultural pattern accordingly. If sources are faded and perished, tourism areas shall not be able to attract tourists anymore and tourism in the region will decay. The goal of this paper is to evaluate and to assess touristic attractions in Mashhad City. Herein this research, twelve criteria, resulted from Delphi Group Questionnaire, have been specified and evaluated. Respective methods used herein this research consisting of Delphi technique for designating criteria, TOPSIS in order to specify priority and grading touristic attractions and entropy for weighing the said criteria. Corresponding results obtained from such study have revealed that conforming to surveys and analyses conducted, attractive tourism zones of Mashhad City for tourists are religious attractions, museums, shopping centers, holy shrines and cemeteries, monuments, caravansaries, historical inscriptions, historical schools and historical relics, buildings, castles and dams.

ABSTRACT: Distributed generation (DG), similar to other generators require electrical protection against system short-circuit and unusual conditions. Adding DG to the electric power distribution systems, can reduce the reliability, protection, system stability and power quality to consumers. The challenges associated with DG, protecttion against the unscheduled islanding, is an important issue. It is essential that the islands are immediately detected and the DG is disconnected from the distribution network or taking it under control. According to distribution utility Standards, the island must be detected in less than 2 seconds. In this paper a new method for detecting active synchronous type generator island DG, based on negative sequence impedance measurement is introduced. A negative sequence impedance islanding detection (NSIID) method is an improvement in the impedance measurement techniques for the detection of an island due to the negligible non detection zone and specifically large threshold window. Finally The algorithm for implementing this network protecting approach will be presented. In this paper, simulations have been done in Digsilent and results have been analyzed.

ABSTRACT : The present research as a descriptive- correlative survey was conducted aiming at investigating the relationship between critical thinking skills and control of emotions among the students in field of software within Borujerd technical and vocational college-girls branch. The statistical population (140) consists of all the students at the field of child coaching within Borujerd technical and vocational college-girls branch at the second semester 2014. The sample group (103) has been selected via simple random sampling method based on Morgan table. Data collection instruments include California Critical Thinking Skills Test; Form B (CCTST) and Affective Control Scale (ACS). Further, the obtained data were analyzed using software SPSS 22, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. There was a significant correlation between critical thinking and control of emotions among the students(r=-0.42) (p=0.000, p<0.01). Among the subscales of control of emotions, anger has had the highest correlation (p=0.000, r=-0.54) with critical thinking and anxiety had the least correlation (p=0.002, r=-0.31) with critical thinking. Among the components of critical thinking, it was just a significant correlation between component of assessment and control of emotions (p=0.000, r=-0.72). Further, the component of assessment has had the highest correlation (p=0.000, r=-0.74) with anxiety and has had the least correlation (p=0.000, r=-0.30) with positive affect. Variance of control of emotions was predictable through critical thinking (P<0.01). With regard to a significant relationship between control of emotions and critical thinking, it can deduce that improvement in critical thinking results in increase in control of emotions.

ABSTRACT: Introduction and Research Objective:Studies show that it is the human resources of organizations that can improve organizational performance, and on the other hand, job satisfaction is an inseparable element of organizational atmosphere and important component of personnel management in the organization. So in this research, we focus on the role of organizational learning on organizational performance and job satisfaction.Research methodology: this research is functional in terms of goal and descriptive in terms of procedure. Here, the statistic population includes all employees in the Educational evaluating Organization in Tehran that their number is 280 people. Sample size was calculated about 162 by Morgan table and the intended samples were selected randomly from the populationFindings: finding shows that job performance is related to the transfer and integration of knowledge (with a correlation coefficient of 0.620), outdoor and experimentation (with a correlation coefficient of 0.434) system vision (with a correlation coefficient of 0.299) and finally with organizational commitment (with a correlation coefficient of 0.143), respectively. According to the correlation coefficients results we can say that job satisfaction is related to organizational commitment (with a correlation coefficient of 0.185) , outdoor and experimentation (with a correlation coefficient of 0.109) system vision (with a correlation coefficient of 0.077) and finally the transfer and integration of knowledge (with a correlation coefficient of 0.018).

ABSTRACT: Academic performance and progress, its causes and stimuli have been subjected to prolific analysis and one of the factors affecting it is emotional intelligence and mental health. According to the fact mentioned, the relationship between emotional intelligence, mental health and academic performance and progress has been studied in Ghasreshirin high school male students in three fields including: mathematics and physics, natural sciences and arts. This study is descriptive and conducted through correlation method. Our statistical population was composed of 600 male students in three different fields: mathematics and physics, natural sciences, and arts in the year 1993-94. Our statistical sample was combined of 230 individuals chosen via Morgan table and random sampling method. They were then given Bradbery and Garywes emotional intelligence questionnaires. Findings showed that there was a positive and meaningful relationship between emotional intelligence and academic performance. There was not such a relationship between mental health and academic progress. Emotional intelligence and mental health elements showed 15 percent variance in students’ academic performance.

ABSTRACT: Formation damage is defined as permeability reduction of Reservoir rock to the fluid production. This phenomenon may be done by several mechanisms and lead to reduce production of hydrocarbon fluid from the wellbore. One of the most important cases of formation damage may be caused by drilling fluid. The influx of solid or liquid particles of drilling mud into the pores of rock or mud loss phenomenon and clay swelling can sometimes lead to severe productive formation damage and cause to wettability alterations of reservoir rock from hydrophilic to oelophilic. Therefore designing an appropriate fluid that is compatible with formation fluids and have the least damage to the reservoir is very necessary that can cause to increase the productivity of wells.The two main mechanisms of surfactants are reduction of the surface tension and wettability alteration of rock reservoir that are effective in taking the oil. Regarding the importance of the wettability in reservoir productivity, this article is aimed to study the effect of non-ionic surfactants polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the presence of acrylamide hydrolysis (PHPA) in water-based drilling fluids. For the measurement of wettability alterations, measurements of contact angle as a quantitative method and tests of buoyancy and separation of the two phases as qualitative methods were used. The mineral calcite was used as a representative of the reservoir rock. The experiment was designed so that the parameters of drilling fluid (fluid loss control, rheology, chloride, potassium chloride, PH, temperature, PEG and PHPA volume percent) is close to the reservoir. In order to simulate reservoir conditions after contact of calcite stone with drilling fluid, we put the sample in cylinder containing of drilling fluids and for more simulation of reservoir conditions the test were repeated at 110 ° C without the presence of surfactants and in the presence of surfactant. The salty water in the reservoir (Dec field) was used to obtain the contact angle. The results of this study showed that Since the reservoir is carbonate and hydrophilic, drilling fluid (without surfactant) makes the reservoir to go into oelophilic state but drilling fluid in the presence of surfactant causes the reservoir to go into hydrophilic state which will follow by reducing formation damage and increasing oil production.

ABSTRACT: The application of fuzzy is wide, ranging from control, computer and mechanical engineering to chemistry and even psychology. Nowadays, scientists would like to develop their systems more intelligent and as a result, intelligent air conditioners, intelligent traffic light, smart TV, etc. has been developed which the base of their intelligent is fuzzy logic. In this paper, we will cover the basics of fuzzy logic and fuzzy control systems, and we will review one journal paper published in this field.

ABSTRACT: This research was carried out to investigate the relationship between affective temperaments, emotional expressivity and marital adjustment in women. It is a descriptive correlational research. The statistical population consisted of all the women visiting the health centers of the Iranian city of Rasht in the second quarter of 2015, out of which, 123 individuals were selected as the statistical sample using simple random sampling. For data collection, the Berkeley emotional expressivity questionnaire, affective temperaments questionnaire and dynamic adjustment scale (DAS) were used. The research data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multi-regression. The results showed that the components of irritability and anxiety had a significant negative relationship with marital adjustment. Also, among the emotional expressivity components, positive expressiveness had a significant positive relationship with marital adjustment while intensity of behavior and expressiveness had a significant negative relationship with marital adjustment. According to the results, irritability 0.23, hyperthermia 0.33, anxiety 0.26 and positive expressiveness 0.17 can predict marital adjustment. Therefore, it can be said that the variables of affective temperaments and emotional expressivity are among the variables related to marital adjustment in women.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to compare distress tolerance between individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorders, major depression and normal individuals. The method of this study was casual-comparative. Statistical population included all individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) reffering to Isar and Fatemi hospitals in Ardabil city in the second half of 2014 and normal residents. 60 individuals (20 individuals with MDD, 20 with OCD, and 20 normal individuals) selected through purposive sampling method and participated in this study. Data collected through using distress tolerance scale. Data analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Research findings showed that normal individuals have higher distress tolerance comparing OCD and MDD groups. However, there was seen no significant difference seen between OCD and MDD groups. The results reveal that distress intolerance was the common feature in OCD and MDD requiring some programs for modifying this psychological variable in these individuals.

ABSTRACT: Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the role of mindfulness and temperament-character dimensions in anticipation of craving beliefs and relapse to addiction. Method: This research is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population are all addicts referred to the rehabilitation centers in the city of Rasht, in Northern Iran, during the second half of 2014. The research sample consists of 60 drug addicts admitted in the rehabilitation centers of Rasht city who are selected by convenience. To collect the data, the questionnaire of return to drug use, craving beliefs, temperament and character and scale of mindfulness is used. The data is analyzed using the method of Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Findings: The results indicated that mindfulness and temperament-character dimensions have a significant relationship with relapse and craving beliefs. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis revealed that 51 percent of the variance of each variable of craving beliefs and relapse to addiction are explained by mindfulness and temperament-character dimensions. Conclusion: As a result, it can be stated that mindfulness and temperament-character dimensions are among the effective variables in the return to addiction and having craving beliefs.

ABSTRACT:Owners, creditors, governments and other users of financial reports the need that to make decisions about buying, selling, holding shares, loans, evaluation of the performance of managers and other key economic decisions of financial information reliable, relevant and quality. In general, investors when investing in an economic entity that first it sufficient information (including financial information) and secondly to ensure their information. Theoretical and empirical evidence suggest that the three are inverse relationship between the quality of information disclosed by companies and the cost of capital. This study aims to evaluate the investigate Disclosure Quality effect on Dividend Payouts in Tehran Stock Exchange listed firms. Using the systematic elimination of 87 companies during the period 2009 to 2013 has been selected. The research to test the hypothesis of Logistic regression and panel regression was used. The results indicate that the quality of disclosure the effect to pay dividends more likely to the company's dividend payment.

ABSTRACT: In this research we have tried to study the relationship between organizational commitment and alienation (as major parameters), and the efficacy of employees in Ardabil commerce, mine and industry organization; organizational commitment as one of research variables includes three dimensions (or scales): affective, continuance, and normative commitment; and alienation as the other variable includes following scales: senses of meaninglessness, powerlessness, value seclusion, abnormality, and alienation. For responding to research major question, i.e.,investigating the relationship between organizational commitment and alienation (as major parameters), and the efficacy of employees in Ardabil commerce, mine and industry organization we conducted a study by distributing questionnaires among 190 employees in Ardabil commerce, mine and industry organization; after collecting questionnaires the obtained data were analyzed through SPSS software. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by some authorities and experts in the field of management and behavioral science; and for confirming reliability Cronbach’s alpha was used. Data analysis was done through Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis. Research findings indicated that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between organizational commitment parameters (Affective, continuance and normative commitment)and employee efficacy; also there is an inverse meaningful relationship between different parameters of alienation and employee efficacy. From among parameters of organizational commitment the relationship between continuance and normative commitments are of high importance. Moreover, research hypotheses (independent variable affects dependent variables meaningfully) were proved.